Added image, formatted reference
Okumaya devam et...
← Previous revision | Revision as of 23:30, 28 April 2024 |
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| ====Korean War activation==== | ====Korean War activation==== |
| [[File:Bor-b26b-180lbs.jpg|thumb|left|Squadron B-26C at Bordeaux-Mérignac AB, France, 1951-1952{{efn|Aircraft is Douglas A-26C-35-DT Invader (later B-26), serial 44-35549.{{cite web |url= http://www.joebaugher.com/usaf_serials/1944_3.html |last1=Baugher|first1=Joe |title=1944 USAF Serial Numbers|date=August 19, 2023|publisher= Joe Baugher|access-date=April 26, 2024}}}}]] | [[File:Bor-b26b-180lbs.jpg|thumb|Squadron B-26C at Bordeaux-Mérignac AB, France, 1951-1952{{efn|Aircraft is Douglas A-26C-35-DT Invader (later B-26), serial 44-35549.{{cite web |url= http://www.joebaugher.com/usaf_serials/1944_3.html |last1=Baugher|first1=Joe |title=1944 USAF Serial Numbers|date=August 19, 2023|publisher= Joe Baugher|access-date=April 26, 2024}}}}]] |
| On 1 April 1951 the 180th was [[mobilization|federalized and brought to active duty]] due to the [[Korean War]], and moved to [[Langley Air Force Base]], Virginia. At Langley, the squadron was assigned to the 126th Bombardment Gr+oup, which had also been called to active duty. The 126th Group consisted of the 180th, along with the [[108th Air Refueling Squadron|108th]], [[115th Airlift Squadron|115th]] and the [[168th Bombardment Squadron]]s from the [[Illinois Air National Guard|Illinois]] and , [[California Air National Guard]]s, although the 115th was soon reassigned to another wing.<ref name=McAuliffe44>McAuliffe, p. 144</ref> The aircraft were marked by various color bands on the vertical stabilizer and rudder. Black/Yellow/Blue for the 108th; Black/Yellow/Red for the 168th, and Black/Yellow/Green for the 180th.{{cn|date=April 2024}} On active duty, the 126th Group completed its reorganization under the [[Hobson Plan|Wing Base organization system]] as part of the [[126th Bombardment Wing]]. The squadron trained intensively for combat operations, but instead of being sent to reinforce [[Far East Air Forces]], it was ordered to France to augment the forces of the [[North Atlantic Treaty Organization]]. the squadron was to be stationed at [[Laon-Couvron Air Base]], France, but Laon was not ready to receive a combat wing, so the unit was initially stationed at [[Bordeaux-Mérignac Air Base]], France.<ref name=McAuliffe44/> | On 1 April 1951 the 180th was [[mobilization|federalized and brought to active duty]] due to the [[Korean War]], and moved to [[Langley Air Force Base]], Virginia. At Langley, the squadron was assigned to the 126th Bombardment Gr+oup, which had also been called to active duty. The 126th Group consisted of the 180th, along with the [[108th Air Refueling Squadron|108th]], [[115th Airlift Squadron|115th]] and the [[168th Bombardment Squadron]]s from the [[Illinois Air National Guard|Illinois]] and , [[California Air National Guard]]s, although the 115th was soon reassigned to another wing.<ref name=McAuliffe44>McAuliffe, p. 144</ref> The aircraft were marked by various color bands on the vertical stabilizer and rudder. Black/Yellow/Blue for the 108th; Black/Yellow/Red for the 168th, and Black/Yellow/Green for the 180th.{{cn|date=April 2024}} On active duty, the 126th Group completed its reorganization under the [[Hobson Plan|Wing Base organization system]] as part of the [[126th Bombardment Wing]]. The squadron trained intensively for combat operations, but instead of being sent to reinforce [[Far East Air Forces]], it was ordered to France to augment the forces of the [[North Atlantic Treaty Organization]]. the squadron was to be stationed at [[Laon-Couvron Air Base]], France, but Laon was not ready to receive a combat wing, so the unit was initially stationed at [[Bordeaux-Mérignac Air Base]], France.<ref name=McAuliffe44/> |
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| ====Strategic airlift==== | ====Strategic airlift==== |
| [[File:0-22730 C-97G USAF LPL 26MAY68 (6780062960).jpg|thumb|C-97G as flown by the 180th]] | |
| On 14 April 1962, the 180th was redesignated the '''180th Air Transport Squadron''' and in wartime was gained by [[Military Air Transport Service]] (MATS), trading in its Thunderflash jet reconnaissance aircraft for 4-engined [[Boeing C-97 Stratofreighter]] transports. With air transportation recognized as a critical wartime need. With the transition to MATS, the 180th was authorized to expand to a group level, and the [[139th Air Transport Group]] was established, the 180th becoming the group's flying squadron. Other squadrons assigned into the group were the 139th Group headquarters, 139th Material Squadron (Maintenance), 139th Air Base Squadron, and the 139th USAF Dispensary.<ref name=139AW>{{cite web |url= https://www.139aw.ang.af.mil/About-Us/History/ |author=No byine|title=139th Airlift Wing Missouri Air National Guard: History|date=|publisher=139th Airlift Wing|access-date=April 26, 2024}}</ref> | On 14 April 1962, the 180th was redesignated the '''180th Air Transport Squadron''' and in wartime was gained by [[Military Air Transport Service]] (MATS), trading in its Thunderflash jet reconnaissance aircraft for 4-engined [[Boeing C-97 Stratofreighter]] transports. With air transportation recognized as a critical wartime need. With the transition to MATS, the 180th was authorized to expand to a group level, and the [[139th Air Transport Group]] was established, the 180th becoming the group's flying squadron. Other squadrons assigned into the group were the 139th Group headquarters, 139th Material Squadron (Maintenance), 139th Air Base Squadron, and the 139th USAF Dispensary.<ref name=139AW>{{cite web |url= https://www.139aw.ang.af.mil/About-Us/History/ |author=No byine|title=139th Airlift Wing Missouri Air National Guard: History|date=|publisher=139th Airlift Wing|access-date=April 26, 2024}}</ref> |
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| In 1969, the 180th had a change in mission when the squadron's wartime gaining command changed from MAC to [[Strategic Air Command]] (SAC),becoming the '''180th Air Refueling Squadron'''. Under SAC the group became an [[air refueling]] unit, being equipped with the air refueling version of the C-97 transport, the KC-97L whose four piston engines were augmented by a pair of jet engines to improve the plane's ability to refuel jet fighters, as the '''180th Air Refueling Squadron'''. Familiarity with the aircraft led to a smooth transition from MAC to the new refueling mission. It supported the [[United States Air Forces in Europe]] flying air refueling missions in the KC-97 supporting missions of deploying aircraft to [[NATO]] for tactical exercises.<ref name=139AW/> | In 1969, the 180th had a change in mission when the squadron's wartime gaining command changed from MAC to [[Strategic Air Command]] (SAC),becoming the '''180th Air Refueling Squadron'''. Under SAC the group became an [[air refueling]] unit, being equipped with the air refueling version of the C-97 transport, the KC-97L whose four piston engines were augmented by a pair of jet engines to improve the plane's ability to refuel jet fighters, as the '''180th Air Refueling Squadron'''. Familiarity with the aircraft led to a smooth transition from MAC to the new refueling mission. It supported the [[United States Air Forces in Europe]] flying air refueling missions in the KC-97 supporting missions of deploying aircraft to [[NATO]] for tactical exercises.<ref name=139AW/> |
| SAC did not have sufficient [[Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker]]s to support [[United States Air Forces in Europe]] (USAFE) requirements for training due to support requirments of SAC's nuclear [[alert status|alert]] mission and the growing requirements of the Vietnam War. Operation Creek Party was initiated in 1967 to use older Air National Guard KC-97ls to provide in-flight refueling services for fighter aircraft assigned to aUSAFE Creek Party aircraft normally deployed to [[Rhein-Main Air Base]], Germany. The squadron maintainers, working in austere conditions, usually outdoors played a vital role in sustaining their aging KC-97Lst. Creek Party was the earliest sustained overseas volunteer rotation by a reserve component of the U.S. armed forces to support a real-world military mission in a situation short of war. These deployments continued during the entire time the squadron operated KC-97s.<ref>Rosenfeld & Gross, pp. 12-13</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.nationalguard.mil/Resou...ntings/Heritage-Series/Operation-Creek-Party/ |author=No byline=|title=Air National Guard Historical Paintings: Historical Series, Creek Party|date=|publisher=Air Nationa Guard Index|access-date=April 18, 2024}}</ref> | SAC did not have sufficient [[Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker]]s to support [[United States Air Forces in Europe]] (USAFE) requirements for training due to support requirments of SAC's nuclear [[alert status|alert]] mission and the growing requirements of the Vietnam War. Operation Creek Party was initiated in 1967 to use older Air National Guard KC-97ls to provide in-flight refueling services for fighter aircraft assigned to aUSAFE Creek Party aircraft normally deployed to [[Rhein-Main Air Base]], Germany. The squadron maintainers, working in austere conditions, usually outdoors played a vital role in sustaining their aging KC-97Lst. Creek Party was the earliest sustained overseas volunteer rotation by a reserve component of the U.S. armed forces to support a real-world military mission in a situation short of war. These deployments continued during the entire time the squadron operated KC-97s.<ref>Rosenfeld & Gross, pp. 12-13</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.nationalguard.mil/Resou...ntings/Heritage-Series/Operation-Creek-Party/ |author=No byline|title=Air National Guard Historical Paintings: Historical Series, Creek Party|date=|publisher=Air Nationa Guard Index|access-date=April 18, 2024}}</ref> |
| ====Tactical airlift==== | ====Tactical airlift==== |
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| * {{cite book|last=Anderson|first=Capt. Barry|title= Army Air Forces Stations: A Guide to the Stations Where U.S. Army Air Forces Personnel Served in the United Kingdom During World War II|url= https://www.afhra.af.mil/Portals/16..._united_kingdom.pdf?ver=2016-08-30-150752-303 |year=1985|publisher=Research Division, USAF Historical Research Center|location=Maxwell AFB, AL|access-date=March 1, 2021}} | * {{cite book|last=Anderson|first=Capt. Barry|title= Army Air Forces Stations: A Guide to the Stations Where U.S. Army Air Forces Personnel Served in the United Kingdom During World War II|url= https://www.afhra.af.mil/Portals/16..._united_kingdom.pdf?ver=2016-08-30-150752-303 |year=1985|publisher=Research Division, USAF Historical Research Center|location=Maxwell AFB, AL|access-date=March 1, 2021}} |
| * {{cite book|last=Freeman|first = Roger A. |author-link1=Roger A. Freeman|title=The Mighty Eighth: Units, Men and Machines (A History of the US 8th Army Air Force)|year=1970 |publisher=Macdonald and Company|location=London, England, UK |isbn= 978-0-87938-638-2 }} | * {{cite book|last=Freeman|first = Roger A. |author-link1=Roger A. Freeman|title=The Mighty Eighth: Units, Men and Machines (A History of the US 8th Army Air Force)|year=1970 |publisher=Macdonald and Company|location=London, England, UK |isbn= 978-0-87938-638-2 }} |
| * Gross, Charles J (1996), The Air National Guard and the American Military Tradition, United States Dept. of Defense, {{ISBN|0160483026}} | * {{cite book|last=Gross|first= Charles J.|title=The Air National Guard and the American Military Tradition: Militiaman, Volunteer, and Professional|year=1996| publisher=Government Printing Office|location=Washington,DC|isbn=978-0-1604-8302-8}} |
| * {{cite book|editor=Maurer|title=Air Force Combat Units of World War II|orig-year=1961|url=http://media.defense.gov/2010/Sep/2...df|edition=reprint|year=1983|publisher=Office of Air Force History|location=Washington, DC|isbn=0-912799-02-1|lccn=61060979|editor-first=Maurer}} | * {{cite book|editor=Maurer|title=Air Force Combat Units of World War II|orig-year=1961|url=http://media.defense.gov/2010/Sep/2...df|edition=reprint|year=1983|publisher=Office of Air Force History|location=Washington, DC|isbn=0-912799-02-1|lccn=61060979|editor-first=Maurer}} |
| * {{cite book|url=http://media.defense.gov/2010/Dec/02/2001329899/-1/-1/0/AFD-101202-002.pdf|title=Combat Squadrons of the Air Force, World War II|publisher=Office of Air Force History|year=1982|isbn=0-405-12194-6|editor-last=Maurer|editor-first=Maurer|edition=reprint|location=Washington, DC|lccn=70605402|oclc=72556|orig-year=1969}} | * {{cite book|url=http://media.defense.gov/2010/Dec/02/2001329899/-1/-1/0/AFD-101202-002.pdf|title=Combat Squadrons of the Air Force, World War II|publisher=Office of Air Force History|year=1982|isbn=0-405-12194-6|editor-last=Maurer|editor-first=Maurer|edition=reprint|location=Washington, DC|lccn=70605402|oclc=72556|orig-year=1969}} |
Okumaya devam et...