History and discovery
Okumaya devam et...
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| == History and discovery == | == History and discovery == |
| [[File:Eurhinosaurus and Stenopterygius NHM.jpg|left|thumb|Skeleton (NHMUK PV R5465) and skull (NHMUK PV R3938) of ''Eurhinosaurus'', along with a skeleton of ''[[Stenopterygius]]'' skeleton (NHMUK PV R4086), London]] | [[File:Eurhinosaurus and Stenopterygius NHM.jpg|left|thumb|Skeleton (NHMUK PV R5465) and skull (NHMUK PV R3938) of ''Eurhinosaurus'', along with a skeleton (NHMUK PV R4086) of ''[[Stenopterygius]]'', Natural History Museum, UK]] |
| The name ''Ichthyosaurus longirostris'' was first published by Mantell in 1851 in a guide to the paleontological galleries of the old [[British Museum]], where one of the ichthyosaurian specimens was displayed as ''Ichthyosaurus longirostris''.<ref name="McGowan 1995">McGowan C. 1995. The Taxonomic Status of the Upper [[Lias Group|Liassic]] Ichthyosaur ''Eurhinosaurus longirostris''. Palaeontology. '''37''': 747-753</ref> That specimen had exceedingly slender and elongated muzzle, but the skull was crushed. No characteristic preserved. The specific name, ''longirostris'', was just affixed to the specimen. Since the features were so unclear, scientists at that time were not able to name this specimen.<ref name="McGowan 1995" /> The first skull of ''Eurhinosaurus longirostris'' was found by [[Richard Owen|Owen]] and Jaeger in Switzerland in 1856, which showed clearly shortened mandibles.<ref name="Reisdorf et al., 2011" /> The genus ''Eurhinosaurus'' was erected in 1909 in a paper describing the [[Miocene]] cetacean ''[[Eurhinodelphis|Eurhinodelphis cocheteuxi]]''. Abel noted that it was not certain whether the cetacean's mandible extended to the tip of the snout or whether it was abbreviated, which was like the case in ''Ichthyosaurus longirostris'' in 1851.<ref name="McGowan 1995" /> He considered that the weak, attenuated mandible and some other distinguishing features of ''Ichthyosaurus longirostris'' and decided to erect a separate genus and names as ''Eurhinosaurus''.<ref name="McGowan 1995" /> The type species by monotype, was ''Eurhinosaurus longirostris''.<ref name="McGowan 1995" /> In 2022, a second species, ''E. quenstedti'' was described from Germany. The original species, ''E. longirostris'' was considered [[Nomen dubium|dubious]] due to the poor preservation of the type specimen, with the species ''E. huenei'', based on a complate skeleteon described in 1930 resurrected to replace it.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Maisch |first=Michael W. |date=2022-12-15 |title=Ein neuer Eurhinosaurus (Reptilia: Ichthyosauria) aus der Posidonienschiefer-Formation (Unteres Toarcium) von Südwest-Deutschland mit Bemerkungen zur Nomenklatur und Taxonomie der Gattung |url=https://ojs-jh-gfn.ub.uni-stuttgart.de/index.php/jahreshefte/article/view/386 |journal=Jahreshefte der Gesellschaft für Naturkunde in Württemberg |language=de |volume=Bd. 178 |pages=117–148 Seiten |doi=10.26251/JHGFN.178.2022.117-148}}</ref> | The name ''Ichthyosaurus longirostris'' was first published by Mantell in 1851 in a guide to the paleontological galleries of the old [[British Museum]], where one of the ichthyosaurian specimens was displayed as ''Ichthyosaurus longirostris''.<ref name="McGowan 1995">McGowan C. 1995. The Taxonomic Status of the Upper [[Lias Group|Liassic]] Ichthyosaur ''Eurhinosaurus longirostris''. Palaeontology. '''37''': 747-753</ref> That specimen had exceedingly slender and elongated muzzle, but the skull was crushed. No characteristic preserved. The specific name, ''longirostris'', was just affixed to the specimen. Since the features were so unclear, scientists at that time were not able to name this specimen.<ref name="McGowan 1995" /> The first skull of ''Eurhinosaurus longirostris'' was found by [[Richard Owen|Owen]] and Jaeger in Switzerland in 1856, which showed clearly shortened mandibles.<ref name="Reisdorf et al., 2011" /> The genus ''Eurhinosaurus'' was erected in 1909 in a paper describing the [[Miocene]] cetacean ''[[Eurhinodelphis|Eurhinodelphis cocheteuxi]]''. Abel noted that it was not certain whether the cetacean's mandible extended to the tip of the snout or whether it was abbreviated, which was like the case in ''Ichthyosaurus longirostris'' in 1851.<ref name="McGowan 1995" /> He considered that the weak, attenuated mandible and some other distinguishing features of ''Ichthyosaurus longirostris'' and decided to erect a separate genus and names as ''Eurhinosaurus''.<ref name="McGowan 1995" /> The type species by monotype, was ''Eurhinosaurus longirostris''.<ref name="McGowan 1995" /> In 2022, a second species, ''E. quenstedti'' was described from Germany. The original species, ''E. longirostris'' was considered [[Nomen dubium|dubious]] due to the poor preservation of the type specimen, with the species ''E. huenei'', based on a complate skeleteon described in 1930 resurrected to replace it.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Maisch |first=Michael W. |date=2022-12-15 |title=Ein neuer Eurhinosaurus (Reptilia: Ichthyosauria) aus der Posidonienschiefer-Formation (Unteres Toarcium) von Südwest-Deutschland mit Bemerkungen zur Nomenklatur und Taxonomie der Gattung |url=https://ojs-jh-gfn.ub.uni-stuttgart.de/index.php/jahreshefte/article/view/386 |journal=Jahreshefte der Gesellschaft für Naturkunde in Württemberg |language=de |volume=Bd. 178 |pages=117–148 Seiten |doi=10.26251/JHGFN.178.2022.117-148}}</ref> |
Okumaya devam et...