Bibliophilen: New page:Ben Segal (computer scientist)—Internet Hall of Fame induction (2014).
[[File:Ben Segal - 2014.jpg|thumb|Ben Segal in 2014 at the Internet Hall of Fame Induction.]]
Ben Segal (born 19 May 1937 in [[Tel Aviv]]) is a British-Swiss computer scientist. He is known for his role as an Internet promoter.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Ben Segal |url=https://www.internethalloffame.org/inductee/ben-segal/ |access-date=2024-04-26 |website=Internet Hall of Fame |language=en-US}}</ref>
== Biography ==
He attended [[William Hulme's Grammar School|William Hulme’s Grammar School]], Manchester, and then [[Imperial College London|Imperial College]], London, graduating with a bachelor of science in physics and mathematics in 1958.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Society |first=Internet |date=2014-07-02 |title=How the Web "*****" its 'Lingua Franca' |url=https://www.internethalloffame.org/2014/07/02/how-web-"*****"-its-lingua-franca/ |access-date=2024-04-26 |website=Internet Hall of Fame |language=en-US}}</ref>
Segal worked from 1958–1962 for the [[United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority|UK Atomic Energy Authority]], Industrial Division, in Risley, on [[fast breeder reactor]] development. He then moved to Detroit, Michigan, USA, to work on the [[Enrico Fermi Nuclear Generating Station|Enrico Fermi fast breeder project]] from 1962–1965, and then to [[Stanford University]] in California for a PhD in mechanical and nuclear engineering (1966-1971). His thesis was on “''Shock wave structure using nonlinear model Boltzmann equations''” under the supervision of [[Joel H. Ferziger]].<ref>{{Cite thesis |title=Shock wave structure using nonlinear model Boltzmann equations |url=https://searchworks.stanford.edu/view/2231473 |date=1971 |first=Ben Maurice |last=Segal}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Segal |first=Ben M. |last2=Ferziger |first2=Joel H. |date=1972-07-01 |title=Shock-Wave Structure using Nonlinear Model Boltzmann Equations |url=https://pubs.aip.org/pfl/article/15/7/1233/942423/Shock-Wave-Structure-using-Nonlinear-Model |journal=The Physics of Fluids |language=en |volume=15 |issue=7 |pages=1233–1247 |doi=10.1063/1.1694072 |issn=0031-9171}}</ref>
In July 1971 he returned to Europe and worked as a systems programmer and later as a computer networking specialist at [[CERN]]—the European Organization for Nuclear Research in Geneva, Switzerland. Apart from a sabbatical year in 1977 working at the [[Bell-Northern Research|Bell Northern Research laboratory]] in Palo Alto, California, he stayed at CERN until his retirement in 2002.
Between 1985 and 1988 he co-ordinated the introduction at CERN of the [[TCP/IP|TCP/IP Internet protocols]], permitting interconnection of the principal computer systems inside the laboratory before CERN joined the world [[Internet]] in early 1989.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Gillies |first=James |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pIH-JijUNS0C&newbks=0 |title=How the Web was Born: The Story of the World Wide Web |last2=Cailliau |first2=R. |date=2000 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-286207-5 |pages=83–90 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Liyanage |first=Shantha |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=c2P6EAAAQBAJ&newbks=0 |title=Big Science, Innovation, and Societal Contributions: The Organisations and Collaborations in Big Science Experiments |last2=Nordberg |first2=Markus |last3=Streit-Bianchi |first3=Marilena |date=2024-06-05 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-888119-3 |page=266 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Sayeed |first=Ahmed |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pzOyDwAAQBAJ&newbks=0 |title=You Could Be the Winner (Volume - II) |date=2019-09-24 |publisher=Sankalp Publication |isbn=978-93-88660-66-2 |page=143 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=Ian |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QgI1_r61JFQC&newbks=0 |title=Research Handbook on Governance of the Internet |date=2013-01-01 |publisher=Edward Elgar Publishing |isbn=978-1-84980-504-9 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |last=Segal |first=Ben |title=A short history of Internet protocols at CERN |date=1995 |publication-date=1995 |url=http://cds.cern.ch/record/2855572 |access-date=2024-04-26 |place=Geneva |publisher=CERN |doi=10.17181/CERN_TCP_IP_history}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-04-10 |title=Internet prehistory at CERN |url=https://home.cern/news/opinion/computing/internet-prehistory-cern |access-date=2024-04-26 |website=CERN |language=en}}</ref>
From 1989 he played a major role in the project “SHIFT” that replaced CERN’s mainframe computers by distributed Unix clusters.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1992-07-05 |title=Enormer Schub |url=https://www.spiegel.de/wissenschaft/enormer-schub-a-932e7c4e-0002-0001-0000-000013679377 |access-date=2024-04-28 |work=Der Spiegel |language=de |issn=2195-1349}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |last=Segal |first=Ben |title=A major SHIFT in outlook |date=2001 |work=CERN Courier |volume=41 |issue=6 |pages=19–20 |url=https://cds.cern.ch/record/1733213 |access-date=2024-04-28}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Baud |first=J P |last2=Bunn |first2=J J |last3=Cane |first3=F |last4=Foster |first4=D |last5=Hemmer |first5=F |last6=Jagel |first6=E |last7=Lee |first7=G |last8=Robertson |first8=L |last9=Segal |first9=B |last10=Trannoy |first10=A |last11=Zacharov |first11=I E |date= |year=1991 |title=SHIFT: the scalable heterogeneous integrated facility for HEP computing |url=https://cds.cern.ch/record/247709 |journal=Workshop on detector and event simulation in high energy physics : Monte Carlo '91, 8–12 Apr 1991, Amsterdam, The Netherlands |pages=41-56}}</ref> Segal was responsible for the system’s high performance computer network. By the year 2000, SHIFT had already increased CERN’s installed computing power by a factor of a hundred. The SHIFT architecture was then extended to build the [[Worldwide LHC Computing Grid|World Wide LHC Computing Grid]], used since that time to analyse the massive and still increasing amounts of experimental data taken by the physics experiments around the [[Large Hadron Collider]] at CERN. In 2001 CERN was awarded the Computerworld Honors award for 21st Century Achievement for for this innovative application of information technology to the benefit of society.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://www.informapro.it/uploads/4/8/6/9/48695049/the_laureate_09.pdf |title=The Computerworld Honors Program: The laureate |year=2009}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |year=2001 |title=CERN computing wins top award |url=https://cds.cern.ch/record/1733232 |journal=CERN Courier |volume=41 |issue=7 |pages=8}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-04-10 |title=Prestigious US award for CERN computing |url=https://home.cern/news/press-release/cern/prestigious-us-award-cern-computing |access-date=2024-04-26 |website=CERN |language=en}}</ref>
Since his retirement, Segal has remained active as an honorary member of the CERN personnel. He has worked in the developing field of [[volunteer computing]] where the general public is invited to contribute to major scientific computing challenges by volunteering some of their private computing power. Segal co-founded and is still active in CERN’s own such project, [[LHC@home]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=History {{!}} LHC@home |url=https://lhcathome.web.cern.ch/index.php/about/history |access-date=2024-04-28 |website=lhcathome.web.cern.ch}}</ref> which has attracted several hundred thousand contributors since its launch in 2004.
== Awards and honors ==
* [[Internet Hall of Fame]] induction (2014)<ref name=":0" />
<references />
[[Category:1937 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Internet pioneers]]
[[Category
eople associated with CERN]]
[[Category:Hall of fame inductees]]
[[Category:English computer scientists]]
[[Category:Swiss computer scientists]]
[[Categoryeople educated at William Hulme's Grammar School]]
[[Category:Alumni of Imperial College London]]
[[Category:Stanford University School of Engineering alumni]]
Okumaya devam et...
[[File:Ben Segal - 2014.jpg|thumb|Ben Segal in 2014 at the Internet Hall of Fame Induction.]]
Ben Segal (born 19 May 1937 in [[Tel Aviv]]) is a British-Swiss computer scientist. He is known for his role as an Internet promoter.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Ben Segal |url=https://www.internethalloffame.org/inductee/ben-segal/ |access-date=2024-04-26 |website=Internet Hall of Fame |language=en-US}}</ref>
== Biography ==
He attended [[William Hulme's Grammar School|William Hulme’s Grammar School]], Manchester, and then [[Imperial College London|Imperial College]], London, graduating with a bachelor of science in physics and mathematics in 1958.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Society |first=Internet |date=2014-07-02 |title=How the Web "*****" its 'Lingua Franca' |url=https://www.internethalloffame.org/2014/07/02/how-web-"*****"-its-lingua-franca/ |access-date=2024-04-26 |website=Internet Hall of Fame |language=en-US}}</ref>
Segal worked from 1958–1962 for the [[United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority|UK Atomic Energy Authority]], Industrial Division, in Risley, on [[fast breeder reactor]] development. He then moved to Detroit, Michigan, USA, to work on the [[Enrico Fermi Nuclear Generating Station|Enrico Fermi fast breeder project]] from 1962–1965, and then to [[Stanford University]] in California for a PhD in mechanical and nuclear engineering (1966-1971). His thesis was on “''Shock wave structure using nonlinear model Boltzmann equations''” under the supervision of [[Joel H. Ferziger]].<ref>{{Cite thesis |title=Shock wave structure using nonlinear model Boltzmann equations |url=https://searchworks.stanford.edu/view/2231473 |date=1971 |first=Ben Maurice |last=Segal}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Segal |first=Ben M. |last2=Ferziger |first2=Joel H. |date=1972-07-01 |title=Shock-Wave Structure using Nonlinear Model Boltzmann Equations |url=https://pubs.aip.org/pfl/article/15/7/1233/942423/Shock-Wave-Structure-using-Nonlinear-Model |journal=The Physics of Fluids |language=en |volume=15 |issue=7 |pages=1233–1247 |doi=10.1063/1.1694072 |issn=0031-9171}}</ref>
In July 1971 he returned to Europe and worked as a systems programmer and later as a computer networking specialist at [[CERN]]—the European Organization for Nuclear Research in Geneva, Switzerland. Apart from a sabbatical year in 1977 working at the [[Bell-Northern Research|Bell Northern Research laboratory]] in Palo Alto, California, he stayed at CERN until his retirement in 2002.
Between 1985 and 1988 he co-ordinated the introduction at CERN of the [[TCP/IP|TCP/IP Internet protocols]], permitting interconnection of the principal computer systems inside the laboratory before CERN joined the world [[Internet]] in early 1989.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Gillies |first=James |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pIH-JijUNS0C&newbks=0 |title=How the Web was Born: The Story of the World Wide Web |last2=Cailliau |first2=R. |date=2000 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-286207-5 |pages=83–90 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Liyanage |first=Shantha |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=c2P6EAAAQBAJ&newbks=0 |title=Big Science, Innovation, and Societal Contributions: The Organisations and Collaborations in Big Science Experiments |last2=Nordberg |first2=Markus |last3=Streit-Bianchi |first3=Marilena |date=2024-06-05 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-888119-3 |page=266 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Sayeed |first=Ahmed |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pzOyDwAAQBAJ&newbks=0 |title=You Could Be the Winner (Volume - II) |date=2019-09-24 |publisher=Sankalp Publication |isbn=978-93-88660-66-2 |page=143 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Brown |first=Ian |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QgI1_r61JFQC&newbks=0 |title=Research Handbook on Governance of the Internet |date=2013-01-01 |publisher=Edward Elgar Publishing |isbn=978-1-84980-504-9 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |last=Segal |first=Ben |title=A short history of Internet protocols at CERN |date=1995 |publication-date=1995 |url=http://cds.cern.ch/record/2855572 |access-date=2024-04-26 |place=Geneva |publisher=CERN |doi=10.17181/CERN_TCP_IP_history}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-04-10 |title=Internet prehistory at CERN |url=https://home.cern/news/opinion/computing/internet-prehistory-cern |access-date=2024-04-26 |website=CERN |language=en}}</ref>
From 1989 he played a major role in the project “SHIFT” that replaced CERN’s mainframe computers by distributed Unix clusters.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1992-07-05 |title=Enormer Schub |url=https://www.spiegel.de/wissenschaft/enormer-schub-a-932e7c4e-0002-0001-0000-000013679377 |access-date=2024-04-28 |work=Der Spiegel |language=de |issn=2195-1349}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |last=Segal |first=Ben |title=A major SHIFT in outlook |date=2001 |work=CERN Courier |volume=41 |issue=6 |pages=19–20 |url=https://cds.cern.ch/record/1733213 |access-date=2024-04-28}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Baud |first=J P |last2=Bunn |first2=J J |last3=Cane |first3=F |last4=Foster |first4=D |last5=Hemmer |first5=F |last6=Jagel |first6=E |last7=Lee |first7=G |last8=Robertson |first8=L |last9=Segal |first9=B |last10=Trannoy |first10=A |last11=Zacharov |first11=I E |date= |year=1991 |title=SHIFT: the scalable heterogeneous integrated facility for HEP computing |url=https://cds.cern.ch/record/247709 |journal=Workshop on detector and event simulation in high energy physics : Monte Carlo '91, 8–12 Apr 1991, Amsterdam, The Netherlands |pages=41-56}}</ref> Segal was responsible for the system’s high performance computer network. By the year 2000, SHIFT had already increased CERN’s installed computing power by a factor of a hundred. The SHIFT architecture was then extended to build the [[Worldwide LHC Computing Grid|World Wide LHC Computing Grid]], used since that time to analyse the massive and still increasing amounts of experimental data taken by the physics experiments around the [[Large Hadron Collider]] at CERN. In 2001 CERN was awarded the Computerworld Honors award for 21st Century Achievement for for this innovative application of information technology to the benefit of society.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://www.informapro.it/uploads/4/8/6/9/48695049/the_laureate_09.pdf |title=The Computerworld Honors Program: The laureate |year=2009}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |year=2001 |title=CERN computing wins top award |url=https://cds.cern.ch/record/1733232 |journal=CERN Courier |volume=41 |issue=7 |pages=8}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-04-10 |title=Prestigious US award for CERN computing |url=https://home.cern/news/press-release/cern/prestigious-us-award-cern-computing |access-date=2024-04-26 |website=CERN |language=en}}</ref>
Since his retirement, Segal has remained active as an honorary member of the CERN personnel. He has worked in the developing field of [[volunteer computing]] where the general public is invited to contribute to major scientific computing challenges by volunteering some of their private computing power. Segal co-founded and is still active in CERN’s own such project, [[LHC@home]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=History {{!}} LHC@home |url=https://lhcathome.web.cern.ch/index.php/about/history |access-date=2024-04-28 |website=lhcathome.web.cern.ch}}</ref> which has attracted several hundred thousand contributors since its launch in 2004.
== Awards and honors ==
* [[Internet Hall of Fame]] induction (2014)<ref name=":0" />
<references />
[[Category:1937 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Internet pioneers]]
[[Category
eople associated with CERN]][[Category:Hall of fame inductees]]
[[Category:English computer scientists]]
[[Category:Swiss computer scientists]]
[[Category
eople educated at William Hulme's Grammar School]][[Category:Alumni of Imperial College London]]
[[Category:Stanford University School of Engineering alumni]]
Okumaya devam et...